In general, a urinary tract infection occurs when bacteria enter through the urethra and spread to the bladder. The cause of this type of infection is usually Escherichia coli (E. Coli), a type of bacteria that is frequently found in the gastrointestinal tract. It can affect the urethra, bladder, ureter, and kidney.
They are more frequent in women due to their anatomy, as they have a shorter urethra than men. For this reason, bacteria have to travel less distance to reach the urethra and bladder. The cause of a urinary tract infection can also be a sexually transmitted infection due to the proximity of both systems.
When treated quickly and correctly, urinary tract infections are rarely complicated. However, if they are not treated, they can cause serious health problems, such as kidney damage or systemic infections, so it is advisable to act quickly.
Symptoms depend on the affected part, which may be the urethra, bladder or kidney. The most common are: frequent and painful urination, burning, blood in the urine, pressure in the pelvis or lower abdomen, back or side pain, nausea, fever or vomiting.
Treatments for recurrent urinary infections
Unlike vaginal infections, which can be treated with antifungal or antibacterial medications, in urinary infections, treatment usually requires the use of antibiotics. However, and if they are associated with the genitourinary syndrome of menopause, regenerative gynaecology treatments may be useful to prevent recurrence.
FAQs
Can they be prevented?
In general, to prevent urinary infections, it is recommended to take urogenital hygiene measures: correct perineal cleansing, not holding in urine for a long time and completely emptying your bladder if you go to the bathroom, taking measures to avoid constipation and avoiding prolonged and soapy washes. n the case of menopause, the use of local oestrogen is recommended when they are not contraindicated, as well as moisturisers, lubricants and, if associated with genitourinary syndrome or recurrences, the use of one of the multiple options of regenerative gynaecology.
Can symptoms be similar in some cases to those of a vaginal infection?
Not always, but they can be confused with one another when they affect the urethra. Therefore, it is important to consult the gynaecologist as soon as possible. In the case of vaginal infections, they may cause itching, burning in the vulva and/or increase or changes in colour/smell in the vaginal discharge. In urinary infections, the most common are: pain when urinating, a feeling of stinging and a pressing need to go to the toilet. Distinguishing between one and the other is very easy, because there is a quick test to rule out urinary infection.
Which are more easily cured?
In general, they have no consequences if they are treated well. Most are cured well within about 7-15 days. But even if you notice improvement early on, remember that you must follow the treatment strictly until it is completed.
In these cases, is it advisable to wash the intimate area more or less frequently?
Showering once a day, preferably in the morning, is enough. But do not wash or bathe too frequently. It is advisable to use a neutral non-fragranced pH soap, purchased in a pharmacy and that doesn’t produce much soap, but you do not need to use specific intimate hygiene products unless your gynaecologist recommends a particular product.
How long should I wait before continuing to have sex again?
You should consult your doctor. In general, the infection goes away in a matter of 7-10 or maximum 15 days. To resume sexual relationships, it is recommended to wait for the disappearance or decrease of the symptoms.
